Agriculture 4.0, often referred to as the fourth revolution in agriculture, focuses on leveraging cutting-edge technologies to connect farmers from seed to market. Its primary objective is to optimize the precise and efficient use of resources, including seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, irrigation water, and sustainable soil health management. This optimization entails customizing farming practices based on data concerning soil conditions, moisture levels, and crop health, thereby reducing resource wastage and cost of cultivation and enhancing crop yields. Significant possibilities have emerged thanks to breakthroughs in Information and Communication technology, Artificial Intelligence, and the utilization of the Internet of Things (IoTs). ‘Future agriculture will use sophisticated technologies such as robots, temperature and moisture sensors, aerial images, and GPS technology. These advanced devices and precision agriculture and robotic systems will allow farms to be more profitable, efficient, safe, and environmentally friendly’(www.oliverwyman.com).By 2050, the world faces the challenge of producing 60-70% more food to accommodate a population of 9.3 billion individuals. This necessitates an additional 1 billion tons of cereals and 200 million tons of meat. To meet this demand, the farming and food industries must transition towards greater sustainability.

In this book titled “Optimizing Artificial Intelligence and Emerging Technologies for Sustainable Agriculture”, we present the progress made in modern technology driven sustainable agriculture. Our aim is to provide a comprehensive exploration of this burgeoning field, which is often referred to as the fourth revolution in agriculture. This book aims to shed light on the immense potential of ICT, AI, IoT and data driven agriculture to address challenges of precise use of all resources in agriculture and pave the way for a more sustainable and prosperous agricultural future.The book promises to be an invaluable resource for researchers, policymakers, farmers, and anyone interested in the future of agriculture. We are confident that this book will make a significant contribution to the discourse surrounding sustainable agriculture and the pivotal role of ICT in general and Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning & IoT in particulars.